Urolithiasis: causes and risk factors
Perhaps the most common reason for patients to see a urologist is urolithiasis. This disease often takes a progressive course and in the absence of a qualified approach to diagnosis and treatment leads to the development of serious complications.
Let's consider the main causes and risk factors that can lead to the development of urolithiasis in one way or another.
Hereditary and innate predisposition. Finding out the family history allows you to find out the predisposition to the formation of stones and start the so-called primary prevention. This information can already play a positive role, as it will allow you to apply the recommendations before the first signs appear.
Insufficient fluid intake. This factor is of great importance. This recommendation is especially relevant in the summer, or your work is associated with the need to be in a hot environment (hot shops, bakeries, etc.). By consuming liquid, you significantly reduce the likelihood of salt crystals and the risk of formation of concretions. For the prevention and treatment of urolithiasis, an adult patient should take up to 2 liters of fluid per day in the absence of pathology from the cardiovascular system.
Proper nutrition. If you do not have urolithiasis, but a burdened family history, then try to make your diet balanced. Do not consume any of the products in large quantities and avoid excessive amounts of salt.
In the presence of urate stones, it is recommended to use the following products: potatoes, cabbage, bread, milk, cottage cheese, kefir, sour cream, apples, lemon, apricots, melons, watermelons. Forbidden: liver, kidneys, jellies, brains.
In the presence of phosphates, fish, meat, cereals, oranges, lemons, vegetable fats, eggs, watermelons, berries, melon are recommended. Prohibited: nuts, cocoa, chocolate, flour products.
In the presence of oxalates, potatoes, bread, cabbage, butter, beef, pears, prunes, raisins, dried apricots, lemon, watermelons, melons, lemon are recommended. Forbidden: chicken broth, strong tea, cocoa, chocolate, sorrel and other herbs.
The salt composition of the stone and the specific diet should be checked with a urologist.
Regular preventive examination. Various diseases of the genitourinary system of an infectious nature can be one of the reasons for the development of urolithiasis. Therefore, we recommend that you regularly conduct a preventive examination for urological pathology.
Active lifestyle. Physical activity is of great importance in the incidence of urolithiasis. The more a person moves, the less likely they are to develop urolithiasis. Try to walk more and play sports. In case of complete or partial loss of mobility, massage and warm-up exercises performed by relatives and medical staff of rehabilitation centers will help.
Chief freelance specialist urologist,
health departments of the Lipetsk region,
Larin Valery Vasilyevich
