Children's injuries and their prevention

Dear adults! Many serious injuries can be avoided if you keep a close eye on your children.

Children are very active in both winter and summer. However, it is during the winter period that the number of injuries and bone fractures increases significantly, especially if the child is fond of winter sports. Here, the role of adults increases, who must teach the child the rules of behavior that allow avoiding injuries, and strengthen control over their compliance. It is necessary to check the sled, whether they are not damaged, the mount on the skis, it is securely and correctly attached to the child's feet, and the skates for matching the size. It is the adults who should control the places where their children play in the winter. The slope that is chosen for sledding or skiing must be far from the road, free of sticks and tree roots. Every child should understand that riding with closed eyes, you can run into a neighbor or a tree, and the descent of the back, reduces the ability to drive a sled or ski, in a timely and adequate response to danger. It is especially dangerous to cling to vehicles, tie the sled to each other, turning over, one sled will pull the other. It is best to skate in specially equipped places or ice rinks. If you can not avoid winter games on a frozen river, then children should know the basic rules of behavior on the ice:

• you can not use the first ice for skating, the young ice is thin, fragile and can not withstand the weight of a person;
• avoid places close to ice holes, warm water drains from industrial enterprises, fishing holes, etc.;
• it is dangerous to run out and jump from the shore to the ice when its strength is unknown;
• you should not test the strength of the ice by kicking, you can fall through.

Skiing and skating, as well as wearing shoes with slippery soles, are the main causes of leg fractures. If you suspect a fracture, do not delay a visit to the doctor.

Playing snowballs, another winter fun that can lead to eye damage, so the task of adults is to convince the child to take care of getting snow in the face and not to throw snowballs with an icy crust and icy pieces of snow at friends, especially in the head.

The main danger in the cold season is ice. First, choose the right shoes for your child: it is better to give preference to shoes with a ribbed sole, made of soft rubber or thermoplastic elastomers, without heels. Secondly, teach your child to move along a slippery street: you need to take your time, avoid sudden movements, and constantly look at your feet. The legs should be slightly relaxed and bent at the knees, while the body is slightly tilted forward. It is dangerous to keep your hands in your pockets in the icy conditions, and you will hardly have time to take them out and grab something when you fall. A huge danger in the ice is the stairs, if possible, avoid them, if this is not possible, then the foot when descending the stairs should be placed along the step, in case of loss of balance, this position will soften the fall. No one is immune from slipping and falling on smooth, hard ice, and the likelihood of injury as a result of such a fall is quite high.

In winter, the risk of "sticking"is added to the list of injuries. Try to clearly explain to the child that in the cold you can not lick your tongue and touch the iron structures with wet hands, you can "stick". Remind me not to do any experiments. If your child is fond of winter sports, take care not only of his sports equipment, but also of protection: knee pads, elbow pads, protection for the spine, they help to significantly reduce the likelihood of injury.

In winter, the number of road traffic injuries increases. Often, the child sees that the car is approaching, but hopes to slip, but on a slippery road, the driver does not have time to brake, because the braking distance of the car increases. It is necessary to cross the roadway exclusively on a pedestrian crossing in any case, do not run over, you should be extremely careful. Be sure to follow the traffic rules.

Another common winter injury is frostbite. Damage to tissues under the influence of cold can occur not only at low air temperatures, but also at temperatures above zero, especially during heavy snowfall, wet weather, wet clothes, tight shoes. Frostbite is most often exposed to fingers and toes, cheeks, nose, ears.

Frostbite most often occurs imperceptibly, without pain, so you need to pay attention to the color of the blush in the child (normal blush – pale pink, if it has become uneven, with bright red or white spots-this is frostbite), check the sensitivity of the skin of the face, constantly move your fingers and toes.

To avoid unpleasant consequences, properly dress your child for walking: you need mittens – not blotters, a scarf, a hat made of water-repellent material with a warm lining, shoes that do not squeeze the lower limbs and do not pass water. The skin of the face should be protected with a special baby cream.