Don't get sick-just

Vaccination in our country is given a lot of attention. Children can be vaccinated free of charge from an early age. There is a vaccination calendar approved by the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. You can get vaccinated against both "seasonal" diseases, such as the flu, and "permanent" infections. We will tell you why you need to be vaccinated below.

How does it work?

During vaccination, a special drug is introduced into the human body, consisting of weakened or killed pathogens of a particular disease. The immune system begins to react to these pathogens as if they were a real infection. Only the person does not get sick.

Vaccinations are made against both viral diseases, such as influenza, measles, hepatitis B, polio, and bacterial – tetanus, pertussis, tuberculosis. Vaccinations against some diseases can be done simultaneously, and some vaccines, such as DPT, are initially a mixture of several pathogens: pertussis, diphtheria and tetanus. Some vaccinations are made once and create immunity to the disease for life, while others need to be repeated periodically. In order to protect a person from infectious diseases as much as possible, vaccination calendars have been developed. If you are going to an exotic country, you may need additional vaccinations, which are not on the calendar.

What vaccines are available

There are different types of vaccines. They can be divided into four types, depending on the biomaterial used.

• Inactivated vaccines. These are vaccines that contain either a dead microorganism or some part ofit, such as a cell wall.
• Live vaccines.

This type of vaccine contains weakened microorganisms.

• Anatoxins. This type of vaccine contains inactivated toxins produced by bacteria.
• Biosynthetic vaccines. Such vaccines are obtained by genetic engineering.

In addition, vaccines differ in the method of their introduction into the body. The most commonly used intramuscular route of administration. This method is most common due to the fact that the muscles are well supplied with blood, due to which a large number of immune cells have the opportunity to meet with the biomaterial of the vaccine. Reduces the number of side effects.

Every year, vaccination saves about 3 million children from death

Another method of administration of the vaccine is oral, i.e. through the mouth. One of the advantages of this method is its simplicity, as well as the absence of damage to the body's tissues. On the other hand, the inaccuracy of the dosage is a minus, besides, part of the vaccine can be excreted from the body along with the feces, and not working.

The intradermal method is quite complex, so for its application, a specialist must have a special technique. This method is used when using a vaccine containing live bacteria, the spread of which in the body can be dangerous.

One of the most common types of vaccine administration is subcutaneous. This method is used for live vaccines. In addition, it is preferred for people who have problems with blood clotting.

Aerosol or nasal, i.e. through the nose – is another method used to administer the vaccine. It is used to create local immunity. But such immunity is not stable and cannot resist viruses or bacteria that have already entered the body.

What you can get vaccinated against

In our country, there are vaccinations that are mandatory. Vaccinations against these diseases are made at an early age: hepatitis B, tuberculosis, polio, diphtheria, whooping cough, tetanus, measles, rubella, mumps.

In addition to mandatory vaccinations, there are also additional ones that are recommended for those people who have an increased risk of contracting a particular disease. These diseases include: tularemia, plague, brucellosis, anthrax, rabies, leptospirosis, tick-borne encephalitis, yellow fever, typhoid fever,meningococcal and pneumococcal infections, hepatitis A, influenza, herpes.

The World Health Organization has published statistics according to which vaccination saves about 3 million children from death every year. And this is not the limit – according to WHO forecasts, global vaccination can save the lives of another 1.5 million children. Doctors advise every year, in September-October, to get vaccinated against the flu, this will reduce the likelihood of the disease by 80%. And every 10 years, get vaccinated against diphtheria and tetanus. So you can maintain immunity and not be afraid to get infected with these diseases.