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March 24 - World Tuberculosis Day

28.03.2023

Tuberculosis is an infectious disease known to mankind for many centuries. They can be infected in various ways: airborne, household contact, food. The insidiousness of the infection lies in the fact that it gradually destroys the human body and is asymptomatic at the initial stages. Unfortunately, the majority of the population believes that tuberculosis affects only disadvantaged segments of the population. However, this is not the case. Anyone can get sick, and even from well-off families with normal incomes, because people have different resistance to tuberculosis.

For 41 years, the world community has been celebrating World Tuberculosis Day, which was established on March 24, 1982 by the International Union against Tuberculosis and Pulmonary Diseases together with the World Health Organization. The selected date has a symbolic meaning. It was timed to coincide with the discovery on March 24, 1882 by the German microbiologist R. Koch of the causative agent of tuberculosis, for which the scientist was awarded the Nobel Prize. The initiative has found wide support and dissemination. The emblem of the tuberculosis Day is a white chamomile, which represents healthy breathing.

Many countries of the world, including Russia, in an effort to accelerate the fight against tuberculosis, have made large-scale commitments to eliminate tuberculosis by 2035.

The purpose of the Tuberculosis Day is to draw attention to the scale of the spread of infection, which threatens the health and lives of millions of people on the planet and the need to take effective measures to remedy the situation.

Traditionally, the World Tuberculosis Day is accompanied by conferences, seminars, public lectures, educational events. Public organizations print and distribute propaganda products reflecting the urgency of the problem. The mass media publishes materials telling about tuberculosis, the extent of infection and methods of prevention and protection.

In the conditions of increased attention of the Government of the Russian Federation to the health of the population of the country, the problems of tuberculosis, as a socially significant disease, are very relevant and are constantly monitored at the state level. Especially acute are the problems with the increased cases of detection of tuberculosis patients with multidrug resistance of the pathogen to anti-tuberculosis drugs as a result of a mutation of Koch's bacillus, cases of tuberculosis among HIV-infected people, which significantly reduces the chances of a cure. 

The main task in improving the epidemiological situation is the implementation of measures to reduce the morbidity and mortality of the population from tuberculosis, which, first of all, includes the prevention of tuberculosis. This is an annual fluorographic examination of the population over 15 years of age and tuberculin diagnostics among children. The effectiveness and importance of preventive examinations is evidenced by the fact that 61% of those who became ill with tuberculosis in 2022 were identified during preventive examinations and did not make any complaints at the same time. In children, the most important and effective method of specific prevention is BCG anti-tuberculosis immunization, which helps to fight tuberculosis infection if it enters the body. Unfortunately, cases of parents refusing to vaccinate children against tuberculosis have become more frequent in the region, which creates a threat of tuberculosis in children.

Much attention is paid to the problems of tuberculosis by the Government of the Lipetsk region and the health Department. Annually, funding is provided from the federal and regional budgets for the purchase of medicines for the treatment of patients, the purchase of the latest medical and diagnostic equipment, strengthening the material and technical base. Well-equipped tuberculosis sanatoriums for the treatment of adults and children continue to function in the region. Tuberculosis sanatoriums of federal subordination are actively used for treatment and rehabilitation.

The main sections of the work of the tuberculosis service of the region are: comprehensive treatment of tuberculosis patients, dispensary observation of patients, preventive work, coordination of work on early detection of tuberculosis in institutions of the general medical network, sanitary education of the population. Special attention is paid to the risk groups for tuberculosis: young children, the elderly, HIV-infected people suffering from diabetes mellitus, chronic diseases of various organs and systems that weaken the human immune system.

 Actively and persistently carried out anti-tuberculosis measures have made it possible in recent years to achieve stabilization of the epidemiological situation for tuberculosis in the region, but the situation is still unstable. In 2022, 160 cases of tuberculosis were registered in the region, which is 3 cases less than in 2021. The incidence rate was 14.4 per 100 thousand population.  The share of sick permanent residents of the region was 82.5%, a total of 132 people fell ill. The incidence rate of the permanent population decreased from 12.7 per 100 thousand population in 2021 to 11.9 in 2022. 4 cases of tuberculosis were registered among children and adolescents (2021 – 1 person).

In 2022, there is a decrease in mortality from tuberculosis. A total of 9 people died, the figure was 0.8 per 100 thousand people, which is almost 2 times lower than the level of 2021 (2021 – 17 people - 1.5 per 100 thousand people).

The achieved indicators in the epidemiological situation of tuberculosis in the region do not give grounds for weakening preventive measures. This can lead to the spread of tuberculosis infection, and, consequently, to an increase in morbidity and mortality from tuberculosis.

Tuberculosis is a problem of the whole society. It is impossible to stop tuberculosis by the efforts of medical workers alone. Everyone should know about tuberculosis, about the methods of its prevention and apply this knowledge in everyday life.

The main objectives of the World Tuberculosis Day in the 2020s are aimed at attracting the attention of public and state organizations to the problem of tuberculosis. Informing the general population about the danger and severe consequences of tuberculosis infection, about measures of personal and public prevention of the disease, about the need for timely preventive examinations in order to detect the disease early and timely treatment. It is necessary to emphasize the importance of each person's personal contribution to solving the problem of tuberculosis control.

The events held on this day will be aimed at raising public awareness of this problem and stimulating the adoption of necessary measures for the final elimination of TB.

Chief freelance specialist pediatric phthisiologisthealth Department of the Lipetsk region
Khoruzhaya Galina Nikolaevna


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State healthcare Institution
"Lipetsk Regional Perinatal Center"
398055, Lipetsk, Moskovskaya str., possession 6g (84742) 31-45-96; Факс: 31-45-96 lopc@zdrav48.ru

Travel by bus №№ 30,330, 300, 324, 22, 322, 325
17, 317, 346, 308 to the stop " Polygraphic"